Social Issues

In the social Issues section, the most important topic is Education. In my opinion, a high school graduate’s actual teaching is not enough for the formation of a high school graduate. So what is missing? Let’s start with math. 

There’s too much emphasis on algebra and Euclidean geometry. In my opinion, more important than algebra is the teaching of probability and odds because are more expressive of reality. In particular, probability learning must be based on Venn diagrams for probability. In geometry, Euclidean is not enough to understand the real world and not Ecludian geometry is a must to understand the real world. Also, I must add that any high school graduate person must understand non-Ecludian geometry. Finally, calculus must be an important part of high school education. 

Why the study of probability and odds is so important?

The study of probability and odds is important because it provides us with a way to quantify uncertainty and make informed decisions in the face of incomplete information. It is a fundamental concept in mathematics, statistics, and many other fields. Probability is the study of the likelihood of events occurring, while odds represent the ratio of the probability of an event occurring to the probability of it not occurring. Understanding
probability and odds allows us to make predictions, assess risks, and calculate expected
outcomes in a wide range of situations, from gambling and finance to science and
engineering. In many real-world scenarios, the outcomes are uncertain, and probability and odds provide us with a means to quantify and manage that uncertainty. For example, in the medical field, probability and odds are used to assess the risk of developing a disease, evaluate the effectiveness of treatments, and estimate the likelihood of adverse events.
In summary, the study of probability and odds is essential because it helps us to make
rational decisions based on incomplete information and to assess the risks and uncertainties inherent in many aspects of our lives. 

Why is so practical and important is the study of probability using Venn diagrams?

Venn diagrams are a practical and important tool for studying probability because they
provide a visual representation of the relationships between events and the probability of
their occurrence. Venn diagrams are used to illustrate sets, which are collections of objects that share common properties. In probability, sets are used to represent events, which are subsets of a sample space or a set of all possible outcomes. By using Venn diagrams to visualize sets and their relationships, we can better understand the concepts of probability, such as independence, intersection, and union. For example, the intersection of two sets represents the outcomes that are common to both events, while the union of two sets represents the outcomes that are in either event or both. Venn diagrams are also useful for calculating probabilities, such as conditional probabilities and complements. By shading or labeling different parts of the Venn diagram, we can easily see which outcomes are included or excluded from a particular event and calculate the probability of that event. Overall, Venn diagrams are a powerful tool for studying probability because they provide a clear and intuitive way to visualize the relationships between events and calculate their
probabilities. This makes it easier to understand and apply the concepts of probability in
practical situations, such as in business, science, and engineering. 

Why non-Euclidean geometry is so important?

Non-Euclidean geometry is important because it provides alternative models of space and
geometry that are different from the traditional Euclidean model. In Euclidean geometry, the fundamental concepts of points, lines, and planes are based on Euclid’s five axioms, and the geometry of space is flat and infinite. Non-Euclidean geometry, on the other hand, is based on different sets of axioms that do not assume the parallel postulate, which is the fifth axiom in Euclid’s system. Without this assumption, different geometries emerge, such as hyperbolic and elliptic geometry, which describe non-flat spaces with different properties. Non-Euclidean geometries have important applications in modern physics, particularly in Einstein’s theory of relativity. In this theory, space and time are treated as a single entity called spacetime, and the curvature of spacetime is related to the distribution of matter and energy. In addition to its applications in physics, non-Euclidean geometry has also had significant implications in mathematics and philosophy. The discovery of non-Euclidean geometries challenged the belief that geometry was the absolute truth, and it opened up new avenues for exploring the foundations of mathematics and the nature of knowledge. Overall, non-Euclidean geometry is important because it expands our understanding of space and geometry beyond the traditional Euclidean model, and it has had significant implications in physics, mathematics, and philosophy.

On the subject of chemistry, besides inorganic chemistry, is a must teaching about organic chemistry that will also help understand better biochemistry and then biology. Have any students wondered why mother nature choose the carbon element from the periodic table of elements? 

Why carbon is the perfect element for creating life? 

Carbon is considered the perfect element for creating life because of its unique chemical
properties. Here are a few reasons why: 

1. Versatility: Carbon is a very versatile element that can form a wide range of chemical
bonds with other elements, including hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, and sulfur. This allows
it to form complex molecules that are essential for life, such as proteins, nucleic acids,
and carbohydrates. 

2. Stability: Carbon has the ability to form strong, stable covalent bonds with other atoms.
This is crucial for the formation of complex molecules that are stable enough to support
life. 

3. Compatibility: Carbon-based molecules are compatible with water, which is the solvent
that supports most biological processes. This is because carbon and water molecules
have similar electronegativities, which allows them to interact in a variety of ways. 

4. Availability: Carbon is abundant in the universe, and is one of the most common
elements in the Earth’s crust. This abundance makes it readily available for the formation
of organic molecules necessary for life. 

5. Reactivity: Carbon-based molecules are highly reactive, which allows living organisms to carry out a wide range of biochemical processes, such as metabolism, respiration, and
Photosynthesis. Taken together, these properties make carbon the ideal element for forming the complex Molecules and structures are necessary for life.

Organic chemistry is the base of biological chemistry.

Yes, organic chemistry forms the basis of biological chemistry. Biological systems are made up of organic molecules, which are molecules containing carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen and other elements such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus. These molecules include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids, which are the building blocks of life. Organic chemistry provides the tools and concepts necessary to understand the structure, properties, and reactivity of these complex molecules, and how they interact with each other and with the environment. The study of organic chemistry is therefore fundamental to understanding biological chemistry and the chemical processes that occur in living Organisms. In addition, many of the reactions and pathways that occur in living organisms involve organic compounds and the principles of organic chemistry are used to explain and understand these reactions. Examples of such reactions include the Krebs cycle, which is a series of organic reactions that occur in cells to produce energy, and the synthesis of Nucleotides are the building blocks of DNA and RNA.
Overall, organic chemistry provides the foundation for understanding the chemical basis of Life, and is therefore essential to the study of biology and biochemistry. 

After this, we are ready to study biology in general.

Another subject to be included in high school education is the introduction to the digital world to understand concepts like cloud computing, databases, introduction to artificial intelligence, the understanding and uses of ChatGPT, and other important concepts that compress the digital world.